1. Small businesses with 20 or more phone lines typically are served by what type of transmission facility?

2. The earliest deployments of packet voice were driven by enterprises using _________________ to carry intraenterprise voice traffic as a cost-saving measure.

3. The most complex part of a local-exchange switch is the software that controls _________________.

4. Most of today’s softswitch solutions are based on which of the following protocols?

5. For years to come, the migration path to end-to-end packet voice will require working with a _________________ network.

6. MGs deployed in today’s networks are all of the _________________ variety.

7. Customers with fewer than 12–16 lines are generally served by direct digital transmission facilities.

8. Transmission and switching costs for IP traffic are rising fast.

9. Small-business and upscale residential customers with fewer than 16 lines are generally dependent upon a single incumbent service provider for local dial tone and access to other services.

10. The transformation of an access gateway into an MG can be accomplished without any change to the packet voice protocol that is used between the IADs and the gateway.