Table of Contents:

Definition and Overview

1. Traditional Configuration of WDM Systems

2. How Can Raman Amplification Be of Help?

3. Erbium-Doped Fiber versus Raman Amplification

4. Raman Amplification in Wideband WDM Transmission

5. Raman Amplification to Build Bidirectional WDM Systems

6. Raman Amplification and Fiber Nonlinearities

7. Conclusion

Self-Test

Glossary

PDF of this tutorial

DCF
dispersion compensating fiber

DRA
distributed Raman amplifier

DSF
dispersion shifted fiber

DWDM
dense wavelength division multiplexing

EDF
erbium-doped fiber

EDFA
erbium-doped fiber amplifier

FBG
fiber Bragg grating

FWM
four wave mixing

OSNR
optical signal-to-noise ratio

SRS
stimulated Raman scattering

SSMF
standard single mode fiber

WDM
wavelength division multiplexing

XPM
cross-phase modulation